Young Scientists Embrace Chemistry

January 14th, 2011


Meet Rick Jones, Research & Development Advisor, as he shares chemistry with our young and curious citizens.

The series presents scientists and business professionals who contribute to the development, progress and implementation of the innovative chemistry products of Albemarle and the Earthwise Initiative.

How do young students become interested in chemistry and science?
For some, it may start with a classroom visit from Mr. Chemist, also known as Richard (Rick) Jones, Research & Development Advisor at Albemarle, who has played a special role in grooming the chemists and scientists of the future.

Beginning in 1992, spurred on by an initiative of the American Chemical Society, Rick became interested in teaching chemistry to young students to spark their interest in science.

Initially, he would ask students about the impact of science on everyday life. “For young elementary school children, I would talk about trees and how chemical processes transformed them into paper and then into books. Or I’d explore how oil becomes processed into plastic and that turns into action figures,” he remembered.

Instead of seeing science as “too hard,” Rick spoke about common sense and the need to work hard and apply thinking and stick to it skills. “I would remind the students that new products are always being invented and that even these cool ideas could become better through science.”

One very popular experiment involves marshmallows placed in a glass vacuum tube to demonstrate the relationship between air pressure and volume. When the vacuum tube is sealed shut, Rick utilizes a vacuum pump and withdraws the air from the glass tube. This permits the air bubbles in the marshmallows to expand, and the marshmallow becomes as big as a tennis ball, for a few seconds. When the vacuum is turned off and air refills the glass tube, the force of the atmospheric pressure causes all the air bubbles to deflate and the marshmallow shrivels down to a miniature size.

Students love to watch the reaction of a carbonated soda, like Sprite or Diet Coke, with a Mentos candy, which is attached to a wire coat hanger and then pushed into a two-liter soda bottle. The dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) in the soda reacts to the pock-marked surface of the candy chemically; each bump on the candy provides a site for the dissolved carbon dioxide to attach itself and then escape from the liquid soda. The reaction releases all the dissolved carbon dioxide at once. As the CO2 seeks to separate from the liquid soda, it surges through the bottle, causing a geyser-like eruption of at least 15 feet.

Through the years, Rick also trained more than 75 Albemarle employees to perform these demonstrations and workshops.

Over a ten-year period, from 1992 to 2002, Rick calculates that he and his colleagues conducted about 500 science shows for 18,000 students in local schools as part of a national community outreach program, and the number continues to grow.

In addition, Rick was involved in Albemarle’s participation at local and regional science fairs, where Albemarle would host a booth. The science demonstrations were performed for nearly 10,000 students over the years.

Rick’s enthusiasm for inspiring young scientists has never wavered.

“To this day, I meet students of all ages who recognize me from a single appearance in their classroom, which may have been last month or 10 years ago. It’s a thrill to know I’ve had an impact on a young person’s interest in chemistry and science,” he marveled.


Left: Albemarle’s President Luke Kissam, Center: Rick Jones, Right: Albemarle’s COO John Steitz
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Part Two of Mahmood Sabahi’s Interview

November 13th, 2010

Meet the EarthWise Team is a series of inspirational and often untold stories about the people behind important solutions, technologies and products that make our lives better and safer every day.

The series presents some of the key scientists and business professionals who have contributed to the development, progress and implementation of the green chemistry products, processes and principles ofAlbemarle and the Earthwise Initiative.

According to Mahmood Sabahi, green metrics represent the next phase of green chemistry.

Please explain green metrics.
Through the American Chemical Society’s Manufacturers Roundtable, and its Green Institute, as well as the American National Standards Institute, I have been participating in and following the discussions of green metrics with great interest.

These groups are developing ways that companies, and, by extension, their customers and ultimately consumers, can measure their “green-ness.” Developing the standards for green metrics is a complex issue that started in the pharmaceutical industry and now is generating more interest in the chemical industry. One goal is to earn a green label for consumer products; the cleaning products industry is already involved in this process.

At Albemarle, we’ve generated interest in green metrics through the TEAL program (Technology Emphasis on Albemarle’s Green Chemistry). As a leader of the TEAL program, I work with my colleagues to promote the principles of green chemistry and engineering, raising awareness of R&D and manufacturing, implementing green metrics for evaluation of manufacturing processes and developing new and safer products and processes, identifying opportunities for greener process and products, identifying and recognizing green process/ product accomplishments, and conducting life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) wherever applicable. Internally, we evaluate our manufacturing practices with the goal of improving atom efficiencies, reducing waste, reducing our carbon footprint, and utilizing renewable resources wherever possible. Plus, each year, the TEAL team evaluates Albemarle employees’ accomplishments in green chemistry/engineering and the best practices are recognized formally by the management as a way to highlight the development of newer and more eco-friendly products. We also arrange seminars and educational programs and help implement the principles of green chemistry and green engineering throughout the research area. At the individual level and among the various teams groups, we have a tremendously positive response as more people see these initiatives as “doing the right thing.” Across the chemical industry, I anticipate similar initiatives will be rolled out.

I am a firm believer that the industry and the EPA must work hand in hand to create changes in environmental awareness among manufacturers. If regulation is imposed from above without extensive discussion among industry participants, it will not happen with the same degree of success as when market participants are involved in the process from the bottom-up. As green metrics become more embedded into the thought, strategy, research and production of the chemical industry and across many sectors, we all stand to benefit.

How would you characterize the other scientists with whom you work?
One of the most rewarding aspects of my professional work at Albemarle is communicating and working in a team environment with a large group of very talented and smart people. I especially value their rather diverse technical and cultural backgrounds. Although the original light bulb or idea usually shows up in one person’s head, bringing that idea to life and pushing it through to commercialization is only possible through collaboration and teamwork. It really takes a village to commercialize a product, as we have seen with GreenArmor! I have been fortunate to be involved with many very successful teams over my career.

Mahmood Sabahi, thank you for sharing these developments regarding green metrics.

Want to meet more of the Earthwise Team? Meet Joe LaymanDanielle Goossens and Richard Denison.

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Manufacturers and Fire Safety Solution Suppliers Work Together to Increase Environmental Initiatives for Planet, Employers and Consumers

October 26th, 2010

Our Green lab from earthwise - VECAP

Meet Danielle Goossens, Global Product Stewardship Director
Meet the EarthWise Team is a series of inspirational and often untold stories about the people behind important solutions, technologies and products that make our lives better and safer every day.

The series presents some of the key scientists and business professionals who have contributed to the development, progress and implementation of the green chemistry products, processes and principles of Albemarle and the Earthwise brand.

Albemarle Corporation, headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, is a leading global developer, manufacturer, and marketer of highly-engineered specialty chemicals for consumer electronics, petroleum refining, utilities, packaging, construction, automotive/transportation, pharmaceuticals, crop protection, food-safety and custom chemistry services.

Earthwise™ is a new division of Albemarle Corporation. The brand represents a family of products that follows strict environmental-friendly standards, along with practicing green chemistry principles and include new green fire safety alternatives to existing fire safety solutions.

Albemarle is the global leader in flame retardants. Flame retardants or fire safety solutions that are critical ingredients in many consumer electronic products, as well as the interiors of automobiles and airplanes, save lives and protect property from fires.

A group of manufacturers of flame retardants launched an initiative to raise awareness of best practices in chemical handling processes among the companies that utilize these flame retardants. Let’s learn more about the Voluntary Emissions Control Action Programme (VECAP) from Danielle Goossens, Global Product Stewardship Director at Albemarle, who is based in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Danielle, tell us about your role at Albemarle and the VECAP program
I am Danielle Goossens and I direct health, safety and environmental issues for Albemarle in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, except for manufacturing plants. I make sure the company is in compliance with the regulations in all the countries we serve. I also manage product stewardship worldwide. Which means I advise customers, who are themselves manufacturers, on the best ways to handle the products they purchase from us and how to avoid any environmental releases.

I received my undergraduate and doctorate degrees from the Catholic University of Louvain (Belguim) in 1979. I have worked mainly in research at the University and at Belgian pharmaceutical companies. In 1992, I joined Ethyl (which later spun off its chemical businesses as Albemarle) as an analytical chemist. I then moved to the Customer Technical Service area and assumed my current role in 2008.

What exactly is VECAP? How does it affect consumers and businesses?
As a voluntary program that promotes best practices for the handling of flame retardant chemicals, VECAP has a rather pragmatic goal: to make sure the customers are using the product safely at every stage. Albemarle and other flame retardant producers together acted on their concerns to limit the possible ways that these chemical products might enter the environment during manufacturing processes. In 2004, the companies launched this pioneering program. It’s highly unusual that the industry developed VECAP on its own, because often government regulators impose these kinds of standards on industry.

The three companies who formed VECAP are Albemarle Corporation, Chemtura Corporation and ICL-IP. Together, they sell to more than 500 customers worldwide. In 2009, the members of VECAP surveyed more than 135 sites in Europe, and perhaps another 100 each in North America and the Asia/Pacific regions. The number continues to grow in 2010, of course. At each company, there are between three and eight professionals (engineers, scientists, technical and advocacy staff) involved in the efforts, as well as third-party independent consultants.

By adhering to the best practices advocated by VECAP in sensitive areas, the makers of the plastic products and components that use flame retardants will reduce the potential contamination of food, air, water and earth. Plus, they limit their own employees’ and, downstream, consumers’ exposure to chemicals.

Additionally, there is a certification component; Bureau Veritas is an independent auditor that will certify a company is VECAP compliant and a seal can be placed on their website and packaging. Albemarle’s Magnolia plant, which is the principal facility in the US that produces brominated flame retardants, has been certified.

Finally, it is important to note the methodology for the initiative is a model that has already been adopted for other products by several chemical companies and can be modified for use by manufacturers in other industries.

How do you work with customers to let them know about VECAP?
We conduct a survey in a face-to-face meeting with the customer who purchases our flame retardant solutions. We ask about certain practices and calculate the potential chemical emissions. We then share with them the best practices and perform a separate calculation for the emissions that would be produced by following these new procedures. In some cases, the difference is astonishing and customers are surprised to learn by how much they might lower their emissions and be eco-friendly to the earth and workplace, while making these simple changes.

For example, the area that can have the greatest impact on emission reductions is the handling and disposal of packaging. Albemarle delivers the flame retardant powder to the customer either in small paper bags or in polypropylene supersacs. The paper bag-type of package holds 25 kilograms. We determined that, in the process of emptying the package, there was a waste factor of 150 grams in each one.

In contrast, we suggest a 1,000 kilogram polypropylene bag, something that is 40 times larger, yet it has a remarkably lower waste factor: compare 500 grams remaining in the large bag to 6,000 grams for the many smaller ones. Customers immediately recognize the impact of the amount of product that is purchased and not wasted:

When it comes to disposing of the packaging, whether paper or polypropylene, we encourage our customers to incinerate the bags or to bury them in a chemically controlled landfill.

In many countries, it does not cost any more to implement this best practice and the payoffs in reduced waste and safer operations are obvious, as is the positive impact on the environment.

Please tell us about VECAP’s other areas of best practices in the next blog post.
That will be my pleasure.

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Part 2 – Meet Joe Layman, Jr., Inventor of GreenArmor™

August 31st, 2010

Meet the EarthWise Team is a series of inspirational and often untold stories about the people behind important solutions, technologies and products that make our lives better and safer every day.

The series presents some of the key scientists and business professionals who have contributed to the development, progress and implementation of the green chemistry products, processes and principles of Albemarle and the Earthwise Initiative.

To read part 1 click here.

William J. (Joe) Layman, Jr., inventor of GreenArmor™, was actually engaged in solving a different challenge when he developed the process that led to this environmentally friendly flame retardant.

Fire safety blog from Earthwise- laptop

Fire safety blog from Earthwise-

Describe what you were working on and how you turned it into GreenArmor, an eco-friendly flame retardant.
Like most scientists, I approach an experiment alert to both the process of a reaction and to the result.

The creation of GreenArmor was serendipity, an unexpected outcome that came from the unlikely juxtaposition of two thoughts: process and result. I was asked to look at a polymer flame retardant and how to make the process more efficient, similar to work I had performed with other products, as I mentioned earlier. In this case, I combined certain chemicals and used small amounts of different materials. When it came to a key chemical reagent, I used an extremely large amount. That led to a result that did not work at all the way I had intended. But the process led me to see that those materials could be combined in different amounts and in different ways to give varying results as measured by molecular size distributions. I went back to the drawing board, tried a few variations and, a few days later, literally, I had the beginnings of GreenArmor.

At that point, I went to my boss and described what I had produced. I asked for permission to focus my time, plus additional staff and resources on this new endeavor that was only marginally related to the one I had been asked to work on. He agreed to re-assign me to this project, giving me the freedom to surmise the amounts and the conditions to arrive at the optimal formulation and optimal performance characteristics.

For the next six months, my team and I came up with about 100 sample formulations of the new polymer scaffold. From the beginning, I took a very different approach to develop this unproven technology platform. Generally, a chemist on a team will take complete responsibility for all the steps in a synthetic process. But in my model, we created a new development process and each chemist was a specialist who focused on one step in the process, so as to achieve greater efficiency. Everyone on the team worked on all 100 formulations; that way, we all shared in the glory. The efficiencies and economics of this phase contributed to the speed of an ultimately successful discovery process.

As the leader, I worked with the chemists to develop the technology platform and figure out the molecular architecture and scaffold with the most economical and efficient processes. Later, we envisioned how to connect the processes on a large scale to a plant for manufacture of the product we now call GreenArmor. Scheduled to launch for commercial use in early 2011, we believe GreenArmor will be the preferred eco-friendly solution compared to many flame retardants currently on the market, while maintaining the premium performance product attributes.
GreenArmor is non-bioaccumulative and recyclable and is organically-based rather than mineral-based. It is a polymer, which means the molecule is too large to be absorbed by the body or animal life.

It sounds as if, because you were already focused on atom efficiency and controlling waste, that you came up with the core formulation of GreenArmor, even if that was not your initial objective. And then you applied the idea of efficient testing to the research process.
That’s correct. We are using the same strategy for future GreenArmor products. Again, I am varying the reaction feed and the process parameters, to come up with an exhaustive production of polymer molecular scaffolds with different molecular weight and range and asymmetry. Combine this with the specialization of the participating chemists and the result is another polymeric product, with a significantly different molecular weight and distribution that will be used in other applications, because its performance characteristics are different, tailor-made for its end use. As the leader in flame retardants, it’s important that our fire safety solutions are very customized to the needs of our customers, plastics compounders and polymer manufacturers so that they can add the best life-saving properties to resins used in electronics, appliances and furnishings.

Joe Layman, thank you for sharing your insights into the process and the thought behind the green chemistry of atom efficiency and Albemarle’s and Earthwise’s GreenArmor.

About Albemarle: Albemarle Corporation, headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, is a leading global developer, manufacturer, and marketer of highly-engineered specialty chemicals for consumer electronics, petroleum refining, utilities, packaging, construction, automotive/transportation, pharmaceuticals, crop protection, food-safety and custom chemistry services.

Earthwise™ is a division of Albemarle Corporation. Earthwise represents a family of products that follows strict environmental-friendly standards, along with practicing green chemistry principles.

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Behind the Scenes of Breakthrough Technologies are Innovative and Curious Minds

August 30th, 2010

Meet the Earthwise Team is a series of inspirational and often untold stories about the people behind important solutions, technologies and products that make our lives better and safer every day.

The series presents some of the key scientists and business professionals who have contributed to the development, progress and implementation of the green chemistry products, processes and principles of Albemarle and the Earthwise Initiative.

Albemarle Corporation, headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, is a leading global developer, manufacturer, and marketer of highly-engineered specialty chemicals for consumer electronics, petroleum refining, utilities, packaging, construction, automotive/transportation, pharmaceuticals, crop protection, food-safety and custom chemistry services.

Earthwise™ is a division of Albemarle Corporation. Earthwise represents a family of products that follows strict environmental-friendly standards, along with practicing green chemistry principles.

Meet Joe Layman
An appropriate place to start is with William J. (Joe) Layman, Jr., who is the Principal Inventor of GreenArmor™, the first fire safety solution in the Earthwise family of products.

Fire safety blog from Earthwise- Joe Layman

On left, William J. (Joe) Layman, Jr., with two of the synthesis team members Zhongxin Ge and Jonathan McCarney attending Albemarle’s Technology fair.

Please summarize your background.
I am Joe Layman, Senior R&D Advisor, and have worked at Albemarle since 1990. I graduated with an Associate of Arts from Valencia Community College, a Bachelor Science cum laude from the University of Central Florida, and a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Over the years, I’ve received several awards and scholarships from the universities where I studied, as well as awards and recognition from Albemarle for various products and processes I’ve developed. In addition, I hold six US patents and countless corresponding foreign patents and patent applications. With respect to GreenArmor™ alone, I am a principal author of 12 world patent applications.

When did your interest in scientific research start?
As a high school student, I wanted to be a lawyer. My chemistry teacher, Ken Holt, suggested I major in chemistry in college and then go into patent law as a specialty that would differentiate me from other lawyers. In working to put myself through the University of Central Florida, I got a job at the University in the Radiation Safety Office and started my undergraduate research. The chemistry came easily to me and the professors were supportive. As a senior, I was torn between law school and graduate school. Having grown up in flat Florida, when I saw the Blue Ridge and Allegany Mountains of Virginia, I knew that was where I wanted to be. Jim Wolfe was the Chemistry department head and convinced me to work for him. All in all, it was just sort of meant to be and I had good role models and advisors all the way.

How would you characterize your research interests and accomplishments?
My research work has been and continues to be in developing new chemistries and new technologies aimed at improving “atom efficiencies” or reducing the waste and by-products of chemical reactions. Let’s consider the reaction that adds matter together: A + B = C, and C is the desired product. Compare that to A + B = C and D, where only C is a product and D is something you don’t want. When all the reactants become a useful product; then you have seriously reduced waste and by-products. You also manage the energy required for the reaction and the carbon footprint. The concept of atom efficiency is key to green chemistry.

In the effort to improve process chemistry, reduce by-products, waste, energy input and other process parameters, I also aim to design and synthesize molecular scaffolds and technology platforms for the formation of new products. The objective is for products and processes deemed to be environmentally benign or favorable, and to understand how to manufacture them on a larger scale.

As an example of atom efficiency, I perfected the synthesis of a compound used to manufacture analgesics, like Naproxen and Ibuprofen. The process significantly reduced inefficiencies and lowered costs by $750,000 per year for the manufacturer.

At Albemarle, I am best known for inventing the technology that is the platform for GreenArmor products.

Albemarle is the world leader in fire safety solutions. GreenArmor is the next generation of eco-friendly flame retardants. This new product will be marketed under the “Earthwise™ Fire Safety and Polymers” brand name and is a significant breakthrough in the world of brominated fire retardants.

Scheduled to launch for commercial use in early 2011, we believe GreenArmor will be the preferred eco-friendly solution compared to many flame retardants currently on the market, while maintaining the premium performance product attributes.

GreenArmor is non-bioaccumulative and recyclable; it is organically based, rather than mineral-based. It is a polymer, which means the chemical is too large to be absorbed by the body or animal life.

Now that you’ve mentioned GreenArmor, it will be the subject of our next blog post.
Great, I’m happy to tell you all about it.

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